What is the primary purpose of the flap system on an aircraft?

The primary purpose of the flap system on an aircraft is to increase lift and drag during takeoff and landing. Flaps are movable surfaces located on the trailing edge of the wings, and when deployed, they change the wing's shape, allowing the aircraft to generate more lift at lower speeds. This increased lift enables the aircraft to safely take off and land in shorter distances, which is particularly important during these phases of flight when the aircraft is operating at slower speeds.

By extending the flaps, pilots can also increase drag, which helps in slowing down the aircraft during the landing approach. This combination of increased lift and drag allows for safer and more efficient operations, making flaps a crucial component for aircraft performance during critical phases of flight.